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Abstract:
Business and its management models are more than ever in flux. Competition is getting stronger, special technologies and cloud solutions become commodity, digitalization and globalization brings up new competitors, customers are more than ever well informed and the intervals of national and global crises with economic or political background are getting shorter. The changing nature of products is disrupting value chains and forcing companies to rethink nearly everything they do, from how they conceive, design, and source their products; how they manufacture, operate and service them; to how they build and secure the necessary IT infrastructure. Telecommunication and especially vocal transmission of information by phone calls has undergone already one main change in the transmission from analogue to digital telephone switching units. Analogue switching stations needed mechanical dial tools of large ground consumption in technical buildings. The change to Integrated Services Digital Networks (ISDN) switching devices was one fundamental change by adding digital technology and the old mechanical switch machines became irrelevant. Today is even the analogue telephone line switched by a digital switch unit at the phone provider. Nevertheless, the ISDN technology is at the end of life, too. The new technology will be even simpler but universal in its kind as well. Voice over Internet Protocol (VOIP) is using the Internet Protocol (IP) that accepts any kind of data to be transferred and interprets voice only as simple data. How do managers of SME in Germany within IT business design their long term planning process? Which factors do managers of SME in Germany target in their long term planning process?
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