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Abstract: Indonesia's palm oil industry combines
exceptional productive advantages with persistent governance, productivity,
sustainability, and value-chain challenges. The establishment of PT Agrinas
Palma Nusantara (APN) as a state-owned enterprise entrusted with managing large
plantation assets recovered through forest-area enforcement creates a
distinctive institutional experiment in Indonesian agribusiness. This
qualitative literature review critically examines how and under what conditions
APN could contribute to improved palm oil governance and sustainable
competitiveness. Drawing on more than 50 peer-reviewed journal articles
published during 2020–2026, complemented by APN's 2025 Annual Report and its
August 2026 strategic presentation, the review develops an Institutional
Governance–Value Chain–Sustainability (IGVS) Nexus. Eight interconnected themes
emerge: legal and asset consolidation, sustainable intensification, smallholder
inclusion, downstream value creation, environmental and social safeguards,
digital governance and traceability, innovation partnerships, and risks
associated with rapid institutional scaling. The analysis argues that APN's
significance cannot be measured primarily by the size of land under its
management. Sustainable competitiveness depends instead on converting recovered
assets into legally certain, transparently governed, productive, inclusive,
traceable, and environmentally credible assets. APN could provide a bridge
between public-policy mandates and value-chain implementation, but this role
requires clearly delimited authority, independent oversight, transparent asset
and revenue accounting, smallholder integration, credible ESG safeguards, and
interoperable spatial and traceability systems. The paper proposes a
governance-first pathway for transforming state asset recovery into long-term
national value creation. DOI: https://doi.org/10.51505/IJEBMR.2026.11005 |
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