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Abstract: Introduction Waste management is a pressing challenge in Bangladesh due to rapid urbanization, industrial growth, and insufficient infrastructure. Existing systems struggle to manage increasing waste volumes, leading to environmental degradation and public health concerns. The need for sustainable solutions aligned with circular economy principles is critical for addressing these challenges. Objective This study aims to investigate current waste management practices in Bangladesh, identify systemic gaps, and propose sustainable and innovative solutions. The research seeks to answer how smart technologies and circular economy strategies can optimize resource recovery, reduce environmental impact, and contribute to economic growth. Methodology A mixed-methods
approach was adopted, combining a scoping review based on the PRISMA framework
and secondary data analysis. Over 500 sources were screened, and 45
peer-reviewed studies were selected for detailed review. Quantitative data from
government reports, academic studies, and environmental assessments were
analyzed. Additionally, a conceptual smart waste management framework was
developed, incorporating technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and
Artificial Intelligence (AI). Results Findings reveal
significant inefficiencies in Bangladesh’s waste management systems, including
dependency on informal practices and weak policy enforcement. Waste-to-energy
(WtE) technologies, organic composting, and improved recycling infrastructure
present high-impact opportunities for economic and environmental benefits. Smart
technologies can optimize waste collection, sorting, and resource recovery
processes. Conclusions The study
concludes that integrating smart waste management technologies and circular
economy strategies can address the systemic gaps in Bangladesh's waste
management. Effective policy reforms, public-private partnerships, and
community engagement are essential to ensure sustainable outcomes. Implication of the StudyThis research contributes a comprehensive framework for sustainable waste management in Bangladesh and similar developing countries. By leveraging advanced technologies and fostering collaborations, the study highlights how waste can be transformed into economic opportunities, reducing environmental risks and promoting long-term sustainability.DOI: https://doi.org/10.51505/IJEBMR.2025.9315
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